Stolarek et al: Genetic history of East-Central Europe...

[Radko]

Some Slavic (or Vinde-) place names in Denmark...

[Radko]

"A Polish admixture signal was detected in Zealand and Funen, and our date estimates coincided with historical evidence of Wend settlements in the south of Denmark (...) For instance, focusing on the two surrogates that GLOBETROTTER found best tagged by POL and GER, we see that the admixture between them first occurred in Zealand in the 11th century, spreading to the rest of peninsular Denmark afterward. This observation fits historical knowledge about the march of the Wends toward Denmark, as mentioned above."



https://academic.oup.com/genetics/articl...11/6046829

[Radko]

Also, I would recommend reading The Danish History by Saxo Grammaticus - https://www.gutenberg.org/files/1150/1150-h/1150-h.htm

[Radko]

Archaeological conference
From the Urals to the Balkans: contacts and conflicts in Roman times and the Middle Ages

Preliminary results of bioanthropological and archaeogenetic analyzes of human osteological material from the Čik necropolis (6th-7th century)

Ksenija Djukic
Leonid Vyazov

This paper will present the preliminary results of bioanthropological and archaeogenetic analyzes of human osteological material from the early medieval necropolis in Čik. The archaeological locality Čik is located in the north of Serbia, in the Juznobački district, near the town of Bečej. During the archaeological investigations, which were carried out on several occasions, it was established that it is a multi-layered site. In professional literature, this locality is best known for its necropolis, which dates back to the period from the 6th to the 7th century, and the archaeological material found in the graves is determined to belong to the Avar cultural circle. The bioanthropological analysis of the skeletons from this necropolis included a total of 103 individuals, of which 27% were male, 28% were female, while 31% of the skeletons belonged to children. It was not possible to determine gender for 13% of individuals. To understand the archaeogenetic pattern of the population buried in Čik, we sequenced 28 individuals and analyzed them using methods based on allele frequencies and autosomal haplotypes. The obtained results suggest that only a few individuals show the presence of an Asian ancestral component, which varies from a very high (grave 109) to a low proportion (graves 76, 73). However, most individuals share genetic proportions typical of the local population of Europe and actually belong to a group of distant relatives, which can be linked to the Slavic speakers of the Avar Khaganate. Interestingly, some samples (grave 64) reveal distant relatives among early medieval Germanic-speaking populations, which may reflect the integration of local Gepid or Langobard groups into Avar period populations.

[Tomenable]

My K36 Oracle results for PCA0054 (there is some Eastern European admixture):

PCA0054
Europe_SWE_Sweden-Scania,37.3
Europe_SWE_Blekinge,18.8
Europe_GB_Scotland-Central,11.4
Russia_RUS_Kirov,10.9
Europe_NO_Hordaland,7.8
Europe_ITA_Sardinia,6.4
Russia_RUS_Mari-El,2
Europe_NO_Vestfold,1.8
Europe_DK_Jutland,0.9
Europe_FR_Normandy-Calvados,0.9
Europe_NL_Drenthe,0.8
Europe_GB_Cambridgeshire,0.6
Oceania_PG_New-Britain,0.2
Russia_RUS_Udmurtia,0.2

[Tomenable]

What about "Non-Slavic" Y-DNA from Medieval Poland? What percentage of the total was "Non-Slavic"?

[Radko]

What about "Non-Slavic" Y-DNA from Medieval Poland? What percentage of the total was "Non-Slavic"?

If I have time, I'll update the spreadsheet with "non-Slavic" Medieval Y-DNA. As I wrote before, about 25-30% are "non-Slavic" Y-DNA.

For example all Medieval R-L151 samples from Stolarek et al.:

R-FTE67170 (https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna...67170/tree) - PCA0193, Lad

Distance to: Medieval_Lad:PCA0193
0.04899759 Orcadian
0.04955431 Welsh
0.05041170 English_Cornwall
0.05050648 Scottish
0.05068988 Afrikaner
0.05103927 Dutch
0.05105095 English
0.05131150 Irish
0.05147953 BelgianA
0.05235111 French_Brittany
0.05258875 Shetlandic
0.05447336 Danish
0.05504364 French_Nord
0.05514841 Norwegian
0.05522742 BelgianB
0.05551397 German
0.05581913 Icelandic
0.05645029 French_Seine-Maritime
0.05664263 French_Alsace
0.05673807 French_Paris
0.05726693 BelgianC
0.05782974 German_Hamburg
0.05782978 German_Erlangen
0.05811481 French_Pas-de-Calais
0.06045379 Swiss_German

R-S22194 (https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-S22194/tree) - PCA0422, Santok

Distance to: Medieval_Santok:PCA0422
0.05114554 Shetlandic
0.05158771 Scottish
0.05206867 English
0.05207006 Orcadian
0.05209217 Irish
0.05246770 English_Cornwall
0.05342290 Dutch
0.05360443 Welsh
0.05406913 Norwegian
0.05411048 Danish
0.05587767 Icelandic
0.05588165 French_Brittany
0.05777518 BelgianA
0.05891772 German_Hamburg
0.05916609 Swedish
0.06057389 German
0.06159064 Afrikaner
0.06359240 French_Paris
0.06376427 BelgianB
0.06384352 German_Erlangen
0.06412340 BelgianC
0.06428028 French_Nord
0.06499565 French_Seine-Maritime
0.06541896 German_East
0.06571802 French_Alsace

R-L135 (https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-L135/tree) - PCA0391, Santok

Distance to: Medieval_Santok:PCA0391
0.04039146 German_Erlangen
0.04078647 Austrian
0.04224753 German
0.04226859 Hungarian
0.04406413 Croatian
0.04432608 French_Seine-Maritime
0.04488622 German_East
0.04603268 Afrikaner
0.04625349 German_Hamburg
0.04670052 Slovenian
0.04690818 Czech
0.04717727 French_Alsace
0.04717881 BelgianB
0.04774068 BelgianA
0.04777779 French_Nord
0.04943848 Dutch
0.04949558 French_Pas-de-Calais
0.04950924 Bosnian
0.04963635 Swiss_German
0.04980600 French_Brittany
0.05024686 Ukrainian_Zakarpattia
0.05024930 Welsh
0.05040558 Moldovan
0.05151307 Orcadian
0.05236044 Danish

R-FTB15792 (https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna...15792/tree) - PCA0502, Milicz

no auDNA

R-CTS188 (https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-CTS188/tree) - PCA0122, Niemcza

Distance to: Medieval_Niemcza:PCA0122
0.02056189 Polish
0.02224055 Ukrainian_Rivne
0.02290039 Ukrainian_Chernihiv
0.02313523 Russian_Voronez
0.02357090 Russian_Smolensk
0.02364404 Ukrainian_Zhytomyr
0.02465979 Belarusian
0.02483092 Russian_Belgorod
0.02487262 Polish_Kashubian
0.02507838 Sorb_Niederlausitz
0.02574009 Ukrainian_Sumy
0.02621240 Russian_Kaluga
0.02681670 Russian_Kursk
0.02748577 Lithuanian_PA
0.02812162 Ukrainian_Dnipro
0.02814666 Russian_Orel
0.02831141 Russian_Pskov
0.02859914 Lithuanian_VA
0.03001600 Cossack_Ukrainian
0.03198067 Ukrainian_Lviv
0.03406447 Slovakian
0.03433578 Russian_Ryazan
0.03578263 Lithuanian_RA
0.03586841 Polish_Silesian
0.03672713 Lithuanian_VZ

R-DF88 (https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-DF88/tree) - PCA0299, Groszowice

Distance to: Medieval_Groszowice:PCA0299
0.06669924 Swedish
0.06825509 Danish
0.06840516 Icelandic
0.06971252 German_Hamburg
0.06976096 Norwegian
0.07027440 German_East
0.07224894 Dutch
0.07254881 English_Cornwall
0.07271893 Orcadian
0.07319610 Polish_Kashubian
0.07337063 Czech
0.07339359 English
0.07340010 Scottish
0.07399170 Polish_Silesian
0.07401508 German
0.07519846 Welsh
0.07525260 German_Erlangen
0.07530886 Irish
0.07550254 Afrikaner
0.07581605 Shetlandic
0.07701346 Polish
0.07832849 French_Brittany
0.07889524 BelgianA
0.08018999 Ukrainian_Lviv
0.08069629 Slovakian

[Radko]

There are obviously a lot of immigrants in Medieval Poland. Since the 10-11th century (or earlier, but we don't have any written sources) Poland was a hospitable place. Poland had German (and other Western European/North-Western European) bishops, duchesses or queens, soldiers, settlers, builders, artists, etc.

And recently we've learned about "a larger scale of the infiltration of the population of the state of the first Piast dynasty by human groups originating from Scandinavia, taking part in the formation of the elites of the early Polish state." (Borowka 2023)

[Tomenable]

There are obviously a lot of immigrants in Medieval Poland.

These can also be the Restgermanen, not necessarily recent immigrants.

[Strabo]

In addition, the analysis included skeletons representing populations inhabiting the territory of modern Poland in earlier archaeological periods: representatives of the Wielbark culture from the Roman period (1st-4th century AD, Weklice site 7, Elbląg commune) and the Lusatian culture from the early Iron Age (8th-5th century BC) (sites Kałdus in the Chełmno district and Boguszewo in the Grudziądz district in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship). The inclusion of these populations was an attempt to answer the question about the history of the settlement of the lands of today's Poland.

https://www.biol.uni.lodz.pl/fileadmin/W...czenie.pdf

Has anybody had a look at the Lusatian culture samples? What are they like?

Additional analyzes including individuals representing populations from earlier periods showed no significant change in time from the Early Iron Age. However, this result should be treated as preliminary, requiring in the future the inclusion of more data (nuclear genomes) on the genetic diversity of populations preceding the early Middle Ages.

I presume they mean from the point of view of northern/western ancestry? Or do they mean no significant change in local ancestry between EIA and Roman period only?

[Gordius]

Were there any studies of Slavic toponymy on the territory of Denmark? Is this toponymy West Slavic or does it belong to earlier, now extinct branches of the Slavs?

[Radko]

There are obviously a lot of immigrants in Medieval Poland.

These can also be the Restgermanen, not necessarily recent immigrants.

I find it hard to believe that Goths and other Restgermanen survived in Poland another 500-600 years after the collapse of Wielbark and Przeworsk cultures. Recent immigration is much more probable.

[Alain]

The Celto-Germanic admixture of today's Poles is ambiguously due to residual Germanic peoples of antiquity such as Goths, Vandals and Celtic Boians. However, most Germanic groups migrated to Pannonia, Hispania, North Africa and the Crimea.
2. from German settlers from the Middle Ages (German East Settlement) such as the Forest Germans, the new settlers come from Brandenburg, Saxony and also many from the Rhineland, Hessen, Swabia, Flanders... but also a third smaller aspect, German ones Second World War in the People's Republic of Poland and were assimilated (citizenship, marriage with Poles...)

[FR9CZ6]

But why then are the samples from Latvia_BA and Estonia_BA closer to the Ukrainian Neolithic than to your reconstructed sample? (Trzciniec samples also)

HG BS is dominantly WHG population contrary to Ukraine Neolithic which is mixed with EHG and Steppe.

Baltic drift HG source when mixed with Corded Ware Baltic is located close to 'ukraine hg' on the PCA. The samples NEO551 and VO1001 have BS drift and are partially mixed with HG_BS.
(The sizes of the bubbles on PCA are proportional to BS drift)

But didn't Gerber's team conclude that this "mystery HG" group had excess EHG ancestry compared to the Baltic and Iron Gates HGs?

[FR9CZ6]

Anyway, some good news and bad news:

Researchers succesfully analysed the DNA of an individual from the early slavic Volintsevo culture. The sample is from Kurilovka, Russia near Kursk and it's dated to the late 600's, early 700's.

Bad news: They only determined the mtdna haplogroup of the individual.

But hopefully, in the future they can sequence the nuclear genome of this person.

I can't access the full article. If anyone can, please let us know.

https://journals.rcsi.science/0869-6063/...iew/138912

It also worth mentioning that according to the supplementary materials, the closest mtdna match of this individual is Bela III., King of Hungary whose mother was the Rurikid princess Euphrosyne of Kiev .