Steppe Ancestry in western Eurasia and the spread of the Germanic Languages

[Strider99]

In the context of the question of the intrusions into Sweden from the east (potentially the carriers of the I1 haplogroup) I can recommend the presentation of Kerkko Nordqvist during the "The Transformation of Europe in the Third Millennium BC" - Day 3 from yesterday. Even the preservation conditions in Finland are very challenging, his views on the interactions of hunter gatherers and corded ware in Finland are very interesting. In the question session the McColl paper is shortly touched.

Starting at 2:49

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q0CV0sh7wGQ&t=8531s

Very interesting video, all throughout.

During the Q & A session after Nordqvist's presentation, one of the co-authors on McColl et al. seems to imply that the influx of Eastern ancestry in Scandinavia during the LN could be connected to the Kiukainen culture. He mentions pottery connected to that culture in adjunction to the individuals with "eastern" strontium isotope ratios found in the passage graves (associated with the East Scandinavian cluster). It's intriguing that artefacts associated with that culture have been found as far as Hälsingland and Gotland in Sweden in addition to the core areas of mainland Finland and Åland.

As mentioned, the soil conditions in regions relevant to the Kiukainen culture do not exactly encourage optimism when it comes to future samples, but we'll see. There is a Battle Axe culture sample from the Hälsingland region where the soil is very unfavourable for aDNA, after all.