Steppe Ancestry in western Eurasia and the spread of the Germanic Languages

[Parastais]

The late Neolithic migration from the East Baltic proposed by the authors cannot be associated with any archaeological movement previously posited as being Uralic (post- “continuation theory” paradigm). The earliest visible wave of materials from the Russian forest zone were Luganuse and Asva coarse grain ware: ~1200 BC in-land open settlements; ~9th century BC coastal Stone-cist graves and hillforts. N1a is notably missing from Stone-cist graves, so an associated movement of people is perhaps dubious. However, by ~600 BC, N1a had arrived with early-Tarand graves.

The situation is of course different in Finland, where Asbestos ceramics and Textile ware both may have arrived from the east in the early 2nd millennium BC. Although, the chronology and provenance of both phenomenon are nebulous.

For those interested, there are a few new N1a samples from this study:

CGG_2_106751 N-L550 from early Roman Iron Age Slusegård, Denmark. Most of the samples at this site show evidence of violence. The sample in question was found with an iron “point” embedded in his skull, but still possessed grave goods. Some individuals at the Slusegård site have excessive IBD sharing with East Baltic populations (this sample included).

CGG_2_24147 N-L550 from early Roman Iron Age Oland, Sweden. Isotopic analysis indicates that he was a local. There was evidence of perimortem SFT and BFT to his skull. IBD results are similar to other samples in the Central Swedish cluster.

Seven new samples from Lithuania; four of which are male.

CGG_0_17685 G-Z31461 Roman Iron Age Marvele (Flat burials of central Lithuania).
CGG_0_17690 N-L550 400-700 AD Berciunai (North Lithuanian Barrows Culture).
CGG_0_17691 N-L550 400-700 AD Kaireneliai (Central or North Lithuanian Barrows Culture?).
CGG_0_17685 N-L550 8th-9th century Maudžiorai (Samogatian with some Curonian influence).

Quite interesting that there were no R1a samples; especially considering the previously published samples from Lithuania.

Seven samples from the Mazunino culture, five are male.

CGG_0_211459 N-L1026 Roman Iron Age Boyaski
CGG_0_211460 N-L1026 Roman Iron Age Boyaski
CGG_0_211461 N-Z1936 Roman Iron Age Boyaski
CGG_0_211462 N-Z1936 Roman Iron Age Dubrovsky
CGG_0_211464 R1a-Z2124 Roman Iron Age Dubrovsky

The Mazunino culture is derived from the Pyanobor culture and was probably at least partly Uralic speaking (usually associated with Udmurt).

Ok, so now Lithuanian Iron Age is looking like N-L550 population. First Millennium Lithuania samples:
6 N-L550 (75%)
1 G
1 R1a

That G from Marvele was from Caucasus? Modern Georgian and nearby Russians are under it.

Do we have G25 coordinates from this article?