Ancient DNA Reveals the First Known Neanderthal Family

[AimSmall]

Genetic insights into the social organization of Neanderthals
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05283-y

For the first time, researchers have identified a Neanderthal family: a father and his teenage daughter, as well as several others who were close relatives. They lived in Siberian caves around 54,000 years ago. A team of scientists, which included Svante Pääbo, winner of this year’s Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, published the findings in Nature this week.

The researchers extracted ancient DNA from bones and teeth that once belonged to 11 Neanderthals living together at the Chagyrskaya Cave, as well as 2 others from a second cave nearby. Of the 13, eight were adults and five were children. Alongside these remains, the team also found stone tools and animal bones.

The researchers say that the individuals found at Chagyrskaya likely lived at the same time—an unusual finding at sites this old, where discoveries often span vast timelines.

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-new...-180980979

I'm very interested in NeanderSovans.

   

I downloaded the BAMs of the Father & Daughter.  Extracted their RAW DNA and ran both K36 and K47 admixtures.  Using these I chose the K47 to simulate G25.  I also phased the daughter's DNA with her father's to get an approximation of her mother.  Since daughter's coverage is only 2% take the results with a grain of salt.

Code:

Chagyrskaya17_daughter_simulated,-0.572048,0.070008,0.029838,0.037892,0.004764,0.007103,0.238492,-0.180868,0.004763,0.015830,0.002041,-0.007484,0.013090,0.008618,0.006172,-0.010235,0.015320,0.099510,-0.032751,0.002134,-0.014175,-0.003029,0.001887,-0.002854,-0.000225
Chagyrskaya07_father_simulated,-0.593274,0.043454,0.022763,0.035508,0.000275,-0.004249,0.232132,-0.192279,0.009095,0.016493,0.002073,-0.010831,0.004770,0.003085,0.012715,-0.011554,0.017009,0.131002,-0.044379,0.001257,-0.015981,-0.001380,0.001245,-0.002460,0.000546
Chagyrskaya17_sim_phased_mother_simulated,-0.572563,0.069944,0.029780,0.037844,0.004724,0.007067,0.238627,-0.180997,0.004826,0.015816,0.002037,-0.007577,0.012987,0.008581,0.006245,-0.010275,0.015378,0.100182,-0.032983,0.002129,-0.014246,-0.003021,0.001886,-0.002859,-0.000216

Using Davidski Ancient Individuals

Target: Chagyrskaya07_father_simulated
Distance: 4.8066% / 0.04806567 | ADC: 0.25x RC
46.4 RUS_Neanderthal
46.0 MWI_Fingira
5.6 ZAF_2000BP
1.0 ARG_ArroyoSeco2_7700BP
1.0 TUR_SE_Cayonu_PPN

Target: Chagyrskaya17_daughter_simulated
Distance: 6.2702% / 0.06270189 | ADC: 0.25x RC
53.6 RUS_Denisova-Neanderthal
39.0 MWI_Fingira
4.2 DEU_MA_ACD_Baiuvaric
2.2 TUR_SE_Cayonu_PPN
1.0 CHE_FN_steppe_contam

Target: Chagyrskaya17_sim_phased_mother
Distance: 6.2449% / 0.06244851 | ADC: 0.25x RC
53.4 RUS_Denisova-Neanderthal
39.4 MWI_Fingira
4.0 DEU_MA_ACD_Baiuvaric
2.0 TUR_SE_Cayonu_PPN
1.2 CHE_FN_steppe_contam


Using Ajeje's ancient list

Target: Chagyrskaya07_father_simulated
Distance: 6.5497% / 0.06549660 | ADC: 0.25x RC
78.0 Malawi_Fingira_LSA_2500BP_noUDG
21.0 South_Africa_1900BP.SG
1.0 Bolivia_Totocachi_Tiwanaku

Target: Chagyrskaya17_daughter_simulated
Distance: 8.2930% / 0.08293019 | ADC: 0.25x RC
41.8 Malawi_Fingira_LSA_2500BP_noUDG
29.2 Cameroon_SMA
24.4 South_Africa_1900BP.SG
4.6 Germany_EarlyMedieval.SG

Target: Chagyrskaya17_sim_phased_mother
Distance: 8.2662% / 0.08266228 | ADC: 0.25x RC
41.2 Malawi_Fingira_LSA_2500BP_noUDG
29.4 Cameroon_SMA
24.8 South_Africa_1900BP.SG
4.6 Germany_EarlyMedieval.SG