05-26-2024, 06:06 PM
(05-26-2024, 03:22 PM)szin Wrote: The Belmonte Jews are a crypto-Jewish community in Spain who survived the Inquisition. They tend to practice endogamy, although as you'll see, there is signifiant Spanish admix. On moderns runs they do not score significant amounts of Sephardic or even Ashkenazi, instead scoring mostly non-Jewish MENA and a bit of Caucasian Jewish:
Target: Belmonte_Jew
Distance: 1.2401% / 0.01240061
37.4 Italian_Lazio
20.0 Spanish_Soria
14.0 Sardinian_North
7.0 Tunisian_Rbaya
6.4 Berber_MAR_TIZ
4.0 Mountain_Jew_Chechnya
3.4 Sorb_Niederlausitz
2.6 Palestinian_Beit_Sahour
2.6 Saudi_Najd
1.8 Saudi
0.4 Armenian_Gurin
0.4 Lebanese_Christian
Top 10 closest modern pops:
Distance to: Belmonte_Jew
0.03308077 Maltese
0.03387469 Sicilian_West
0.03637807 Sicilian_West_Trapani
0.03781026 Italian_Lazio
0.03840011 Sicilian_South_Agrigento
0.04066732 Sicilian_East_Syracuse
0.04124212 Italian_Umbria
0.04136381 Italian_Abruzzo
0.04141205 Ashkenazi_Germany
0.04228066 Italian_Campania
The closest Jewish population only comes in at 9 (bolded). Note the strong affinity with Maltese and Sicilian pops, both admixed with MENA.
Oracle:
82% Italian_Lazio + 18% Moroccan_North
88% Italian_Lazio + 12% Berber_MAR_TIZ
55% Tunisian_Jew + 45% Spanish_Soria
57% Libyan_Jew + 43% Spanish_Soria
83% Italian_Lazio + 17% Tunisian_Berber_Tamezret
87% Italian_Lazio + 13% Saharawi
85% Italian_Lazio + 15% Mozabite
83% Italian_Lazio + 17% Berber_Tunisia_Chen
87% Italian_Lazio + 13% Berber_MAR_ERR
53% Libyan_Jew + 47% Spanish_Castello
From this I would estimate roughly 50/50 MENA/Southern Euro type admix.
Medieval run using Alwakeel's 1100-1300 calculator:
Target: Belmonte_Jew
Distance: 1.8400% / 0.01839986
30.8 Sardinia_MA
25.2 Hungary_MA
20.4 Levant_MA
13.8 Al-Andalus_MA
9.8 North_Africa_MA
Again, note the affinity with southern Italian populations.
On PCAs they tend to cluster with Iberians, with only a slight pull towards Levantine pops:
What is notable about the Belmonte Jews is they have kept Jewish practices until the modern day. Some have even reverted back to traditional Judaism.
The Belmonte Jews were discovered by a Jewish miner from Russian Congress Poland named Samuel Schwarz, who came to neutral Portugal in 1914 because the war shut down mines almost everywhere else in Europe. It would be much easier to have an unsampled Sephardic haplogroup than Ashkenazic, since the Ashkenazim are one, well tested, and two, having expanded from a small source population the number of different haplogroups is smaller than the Sephardim.