Just to summarize the videos for those who don't speak hungarian:
The second video is about their analysis of samples taken from archaic (from the High Middle Ages until the Early Modern Period) and present day inhabitants of Székely Land, Transylvania.
Their uniparental markers -as expected- are mostly of Western Eurasian origin, however both modern and ancient individuals carried haplogroups which are connected or even identical to haplogroups found in archaic Magyar related samples from the Carpathian Basin and the Ural region (Uyelgi, Bolshie Tigani). The whole genome analysis showed that the modern Székely people are genetically very similar to the medieval individuals from Székely Land. They also found that both groups fall into the same cluster as some medieval samples from Transdanubia and Alföld regions. When they were compared to the Hungarian population from the Váh Valley (Slovakia) and Drávaszög (Croatian Baranja), the Székely samples were somewhat shifted towards the Southeastern European groups. The IBD analysis showed that the modern and archaic Székely samples have strong links to the Transdanubian ones. They also shared IBD segments with the some Magyar-related samples from the Urals and the Carpathian Basin.
The results support the hypothesis that the ancestors of the Székely people arrived with the Magyar tribes and they're not some remnants of the Huns as some believe. It also supports the theory which says the Székely people were settled from Western Transdanubia to Transylvania in the middle ages to protect the eastern border of the Kingdom of Hungary.
In the third video the researcher presents some preliminary results of their analysis on the archaic samples (8-12th centuries) from Transdanubia. They focused on three important political centers of medieval Transdanubia: Zalavár, Székesfehérvár and Visegrád and they also tried to sample the whole population buried at Páty cemeteries C and D to reveal the social organization of its 10th century inhabitants. From the 10th century the presence of the Magyars had been detected. "Pure" or admixed individuals who are related to the Magyars were present in almost every analyzed sites, however they constituted a minority. From the 11-12th centuries the homogenization of the population took place, the number of individuals who have shown eastern genetic ancestry decreased. At the same time the IBD sharing between different regions increased. These events are likely linked to the population movements after the emergence of the Kingdom of Hungary. The local population adopted the hungarian language and catholicism which unified them, while the Conquering Magyars has been assimilated genetically to the local population. The medieval local population falls into 4 clusters. Cluster 2 is a population which shows northern european affinity, cluster 1 is coming from a more southern source and there are two intermediate clusters. They did not link cluster 1 and 2 to any populations but I would guess cluster 2 is consisting of slavic-like individuals with some germanic shifted samples while cluster 1 is more similar the Roman Era samples from Croatia and the Balkanic-like Avar Era samples from Alföld. I believe the range of these samples on a PCA would be the same as the range of the new Vienna Basin samples from Mödling, except that the sporadic genetically eastern individuals are on the Magyar cline instead of the Avar cline.
The second video is about their analysis of samples taken from archaic (from the High Middle Ages until the Early Modern Period) and present day inhabitants of Székely Land, Transylvania.
Their uniparental markers -as expected- are mostly of Western Eurasian origin, however both modern and ancient individuals carried haplogroups which are connected or even identical to haplogroups found in archaic Magyar related samples from the Carpathian Basin and the Ural region (Uyelgi, Bolshie Tigani). The whole genome analysis showed that the modern Székely people are genetically very similar to the medieval individuals from Székely Land. They also found that both groups fall into the same cluster as some medieval samples from Transdanubia and Alföld regions. When they were compared to the Hungarian population from the Váh Valley (Slovakia) and Drávaszög (Croatian Baranja), the Székely samples were somewhat shifted towards the Southeastern European groups. The IBD analysis showed that the modern and archaic Székely samples have strong links to the Transdanubian ones. They also shared IBD segments with the some Magyar-related samples from the Urals and the Carpathian Basin.
The results support the hypothesis that the ancestors of the Székely people arrived with the Magyar tribes and they're not some remnants of the Huns as some believe. It also supports the theory which says the Székely people were settled from Western Transdanubia to Transylvania in the middle ages to protect the eastern border of the Kingdom of Hungary.
In the third video the researcher presents some preliminary results of their analysis on the archaic samples (8-12th centuries) from Transdanubia. They focused on three important political centers of medieval Transdanubia: Zalavár, Székesfehérvár and Visegrád and they also tried to sample the whole population buried at Páty cemeteries C and D to reveal the social organization of its 10th century inhabitants. From the 10th century the presence of the Magyars had been detected. "Pure" or admixed individuals who are related to the Magyars were present in almost every analyzed sites, however they constituted a minority. From the 11-12th centuries the homogenization of the population took place, the number of individuals who have shown eastern genetic ancestry decreased. At the same time the IBD sharing between different regions increased. These events are likely linked to the population movements after the emergence of the Kingdom of Hungary. The local population adopted the hungarian language and catholicism which unified them, while the Conquering Magyars has been assimilated genetically to the local population. The medieval local population falls into 4 clusters. Cluster 2 is a population which shows northern european affinity, cluster 1 is coming from a more southern source and there are two intermediate clusters. They did not link cluster 1 and 2 to any populations but I would guess cluster 2 is consisting of slavic-like individuals with some germanic shifted samples while cluster 1 is more similar the Roman Era samples from Croatia and the Balkanic-like Avar Era samples from Alföld. I believe the range of these samples on a PCA would be the same as the range of the new Vienna Basin samples from Mödling, except that the sporadic genetically eastern individuals are on the Magyar cline instead of the Avar cline.