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Z49>Z142>Z150>FGC12381, Y3140 > FGC12378, Y3142
#12
The Hunsruck-Eifel Culture overlaps the previously mentioned FGC47869 polygon. 

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Info about the Hunsrück-Eifel Culture from a AG post
Quote:
Quote:The Hunsrück-Eifel culture lasted from around the end of the 7th century BC until about 250 BC, thus running roughly parallel in the time-lime of western Germany to the period of the Hallstatt culture (Ha D) as well as the early La Tène culture (Lt A and B )...
The earlier HEK evolved from the preceding early Iron Age "Laufeld culture" and remained firmly rooted in Late Bronze Age traditions until the 6th century BC. In the second half of the 6th century BC, the region increasingly came under the influence of the adjacent Hallstatt culture to the south and was, as it were, "Hallstattized". By contrast, the Later HEK is clearly influenced by the early La Tène culture and can be described as "Celtic". The Hunsrück-Eifel culture is considered a relatively uniform culture, developing without significant interruptions over several centuries. The majority of archaeologists who have studied it believe that there was no significant immigration or emigration among its population. The adherents of the Hunsrück-Eifel culture are also associated with the Treveri, a Celtic tribe clearly documented in later writings.
Wiki
Based on the present state of research, one example of the oldest male Furntengraber of the Early La Tene standard has been found in Alsace, two in Champagne, and six in the Hunsrück-Eifel region. In all other areas with Early La Tene Furntengraber - Hesse, Wurttemberg, Burgundy, Switzerland, Austria, and Bohemia - they appear later. The numbers suggest that the Hunsrück and the Eifel were at the centre of this innovation that led to the transition from the Hallstatt to the La Tene Culture in the first half of the 5th Century BC.
Above quote from Chapter 24, page 364 of Eurasia at the Dawn of History: Urbanization and Social Change
"The Treveri can be better identified on the basis of archaeological sources. Coins that directly pass on the name Treveriare, however, unknown. For most of tribes of this ethnos, especially elaborate burial rites are characteristic which require explanations. That is to say the question arises if and how these burial rites are connected to a Treveran identity. In my opinion, there are indications for considerations in this direction. Nothing speaks against searching for the roots of this phenomenon in the preceding Hunsrück-Eifel culture. According to Oliver Nakoinz and others, it, too, represents a clearly definable archaeological culture with elite burials (Nakoinz 2005, p. 202-205). Between the Hunsrück-Eifel culture and the cultural phenomena of the younger La Tène periods in that region a clear continuity is visible (cf. Fichtl 1994, p. 96). According to my theory, the burial rites of the Treveri preserve long-standing ideas and notions from the times of the colonisation of the Hunsrück and the Eifel during the late Hallstatt and early La Tène periods.
https://shs.hal.science/halshs-03262168/document
Revisiting Migrations in Archaeology:: The Aisne-Marne and the Hunsrück-Eifel Cultures
With more than 200 examples corresponding to the beginning of the Early La Tène period, Champagne has the greatest concentration of chariot graves of the entire ‘Celtic’ world (Demoule 1999; Diepeveen-Jansen 2001). However, around 400 BC or shortly afterwards, a sharp demographic decline occurred, which suggests a massive exodus of the local population. The exhaustive tables published by Charpy (2009) leave no doubt about the decline in population: the number of cemeteries that were used during the second half of the fifth century BC is 162 (excluding doubtful cases), compared to only 36 with evidence from the first decades of the fourth century BC. These demographic changes have generally been linked with the so-called ‘Celtic migrations’ described in the Classical sources, and above all with the movement of transalpine populations to the Italic Peninsula (Kaenel 2007; Schönfelder 2010; Tomaschitz 2002). As Evans (2004: 227) summarises: The depopulation of the region can be directly linked to the Galli/Keltoi migrations discussed in the classical histories. The temporal association is clear, similar artefact styles appear in the Italian peninsula at about the same time […], and it is obvious the populations described by the classical accounts came from somewhere. The association between the two events may not be absolute, but the correlation between the events creates a reasonable hypothesis (Figure 3). The displacement of a considerable part of the population of the Champagne to new lands would thus seem certain; rarely in protohistory do we find such a clear correlation between migrations mentioned in the written sources and archaeological data.
In the nearby Belgian Ardennes there seems to have been an almost complete absence of population or at least a signifcant demographic decline for much of La Tène B, and elite burials are certainly absent (Anthoons 2009; Cahen-Delhaye 1998). It was not until the third and early second centuries BC that certain cemeteries were used again, with some occasional chariot tombs such as that at Sberchamps. On occasion, the decline in archaeological data in La Tène B has been postulated as the result of the population emigrating to east Yorkshire, giving rise to the chariot burials of the ‘Arras Culture’ (Anthoons 2007; Halkon 2013).
Moving on to the Hunsrück-Eifel area, the process of hierarchisation and centralisation came to an end during the course of the fourth century BC. Although establishing a precise chronology for the turning point is still difficult, the total number of documented sites belonging to La Tène B2 and La Tène C is certainly much lower than in the immediately preceding stages, as reected in the abandonment of numerous cemeteries and the decline of the large hilltop centres (Fernández-Götz 2014: Chapter 5) (Figure 4). The decline in population is attested not only in the archaeological record, but also by pollen data from the Eifel Maare, which is of major importance for explaining the phenomenon. In fact, for the Middle La Tène period the pollen diagrams testify to an incontestable reduction in the intensity of farming and an increase of arboreal pollen (Dörer et al. 2000)...
Not long ago, in his section on the Hunsrück-Eifel Culture, Collis (2006: 163) stated that: “To suggest that the reduction of burial numbers in La Tène B-C is due to emigration to the south and east as part of a Celtic expansion would need confirmatory evidence such as pollen evidence”. We now have that additional evidence in the form of pollen diagrams, so it is time to recognise that the hypothesis of migrations is by far the most plausible for this region...
as in the case of the Champagne, there was never a complete demographic vacuum in the Hunsrück-Eifel but only a demographic decrease. Recent research in the Ulmener Maar suggests the same thing, that is only part of the population abandoned the region. Thus, while the emigration of some of the inhabitants has to be acknowledged, it is equally true that it was a partial, not a total, exodus. This is consistent with the available information on migrations during the Iron Age, since in most cases known to us (and with a few exceptions, such as that of the Helvetii) only part of the communities left, while the rest remained in their original territories (Kaenel 2007; Kristiansen 1998)
Having set out the arguments that suggest that part of the population of the Hunsrück-Eifel and Champagne regions emigrated, it is now time to look at the reasons for the exodus of some of the inhabitants of the areas being studied. the hypothesis of overpopulation (while it almost certainly contains a grain of truth) must have been only part of more complex processes, and in any case needs not necessarily have applied to all the communities involved in migrations. If we are to believe Anthony (2007: 110): People do not migrate, even in today’s crowded world, simply because there are too many at home. […] But there are other kinds of «push» factors –war, disease, crop failure, climate change, institutionalized raiding for loot, high bride-prices, the laws of primogeniture, religious intolerance, banishment, humiliation, or simple annoyance with the neighbors. The demographic growth that can be observed in the Hunsrück-Eifel and Middle Rhine region from the middle/end of the seventh century BC led to higher population density than in previous periods. However, population density was still low. If the number of inhabitants became a problem, then it must have been in combination with other factors. This is where variables such as climate come into play. Climate could have acted, to a greater or lesser extent, as a ‘push’ factor both in the Hunsrück-Eifel and in the Champagne...
the process of centralisation that gave rise to the development of the Fürstensitze of Hallstatt D and the oppida of La Tène D took place in predominantly warmer periods, while the migrations of the fourth century BC occurred during a colder phase (Figure 5). Yet, in addition to these general trends, there were also brief episodes of climate change that may have had a strong impact on certain populations. For instance, Fischer (2006) has linked the wetter climate of the years 120-114 BC with the historically documented migrations of the Cimbri and Teutones...
In relation to the topic discussed here, it should be pointed out that the Central European climate worsened around 400 BC; this was linked to a reduction of solar activity, and appears to have occurred relatively abruptly (Maise 1998; Sirocko 2009). The correlation of this phenomenon with the movements of the Gallic peoples that sacked Rome in 387 BC is so clear that it cannot be coincidental...
In the case of the Hunsrück-Eifel area, the correlation between cultural and climate change does not appear to have been as direct as in neighbouring Champagne. In fact, the demographic decrease in the Middle Rhine-Moselle region occurred in the course of the fourth century BC, and not at the beginning of that century, suggesting that the worsening climate cannot be used as a monocausal explanation.
I quote the above, as it may the source of the split of in FGC47869 into future British and Italian/Hungarian branches.
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rmstevens2 and Webb like this post
U152>L2>Z49>Z142>Z150>FGC12381>FGC12378>FGC47869>FGC12401>FGC47875>FGC12384
50% English, 15% Welsh, 15% Scot/Ulster Scot, 5% Irish, 10% German, 2% Scandi, 2% French & Dutch), 1% India
Ancient ~40% Anglo-Saxon, ~40% Briton/Insular Celt, ~15% German, 4% Other Euro
600 AD: 55% Anglo-Saxon (CNE), 45% Pre-Anglo-Saxon Briton (WBI)
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RE: Z49>Z142>Z150>FGC12381, Y3140 > FGC12378, Y3142 - by Mitchell-Atkins - 03-11-2024, 11:18 PM

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