Genetic Genealogy & Ancient DNA (DISCUSSION ONLY)

[Riverman]

Yes, looks like we are getting closer to the background of the North Thracians/Dacians, the E-V13 origins and and what happened with them. There are additional papers of high interest on the matter, almost like a focus on Daco-Thracians with many new papers, in chronological order.

This paper is crucial for understanding whether E-V13 and Daco-Thracians origins trace back to the Copper Age/Early Bronze Age, to the Cotofeni horizon and its successors (Livezile, Rosia etc.), or were coming in later:

Title:
Genomic stability and transformations in prehistoric Transylvania
Content:
The region of today’s Transylvania has long been a region of rich natural resources, fertile farming land and relative protection from the surrounding Carpathian and Apuseni mountains. However, the genetic history of the people that have inhabited this region is poorly understood, and the archaeogenetic record in Transylvania is only represented by very few individuals. Conversely, the history of the regions in southeastern Europe surrounding Transylvania have been well studied, and attest to dramatic genetic turnovers accompanying the change from a hunter-gatherer to a sedentary agricultural lifestyle, and the arrival of steppe-related ancestry with the expansion of pastoralist societies from east of the Carpathian mountains.

In this study we report archaeogenetic results from individuals from Transylvania and the surrounding regions in Romania, spanning the Neolithic to the Late Bronze Age. We report a surprising level of genetic continuity within Transylvania, with little evidence for an influx of steppe-related ancestry into individuals associated with the main cultural groups until the Late Bronze Age, coinciding with the arrival of people associated with the Noua culture. In stark contrast to this, we also find evidence for Yamnaya and Yamnaya-related groups from the Early Bronze Age who appear to have been unsuccessful in making a genetic foothold in the region. In summary, we find that Transylvania was at times a melting pot of genetic profiles, but still maintained a relatively continuous genetic legacy during the Copper Age and much of the Bronze Age.

This paper might reveal the background of Belegis II-Gáva, Kalakacsa horizon and/or Early Bosut-Basarabi communities, which succeeded Belegis II-Gáva in the Banat-Northern Serbia. Highly important and even more interesting if those two paper (the EBA one) can link to each other:

Title:
Mass violence, age and gender in the Early Iron Age of the southwest Carpathian Basin
Content:
In this paper, we present the results of the bioarchaeological and biomolecular (re-)analysis of 77 individuals from the Early Iron Age of Gomolava. Situated within the Carpathian Basin in southeastern Europe, Gomolava occupies a position amidst intricate socio-spatial relations, divergent cultural norms and competing landscape-use ideologies. Employing a multidisciplinary framework, we suggest a model for the social context in which the violent events surrounding the death of those buried in Gomolava took place. We explore the cause of death through osteological analysis, discern mobility patterns and diet habits through isotope analyses, ascertain the age and sex distribution across the complete assemblage using a combination of osteological examination, genetic sexing and enamel peptide analysis and establish the age and time frame of the burial event using radiocarbon dating and micro-CT scanning. These findings contribute to our understanding of wider events not only for this transformative period in European prehistory but also, more broadly, on the evolution in complexity of selective violent practice in human history.
Keywords:
Multidisciplinarity, Mass grave, Gender, Early Iron Age, Carpathian Basin, Ancient biomolecules

In Eastern Hungary the remains of Gáva came largely under the control of Cimmerian invaders, resulting in the Mezocsat group. We already know they were mostly Gáva-related from a group of females, but my hope is we might finally get some males from Mezocsat local Gáva people too:

Title:
Bioarchaeological research of the Iron Age populations of the Carpathian Basin - Past, present, and future
Content:
The Iron Age (IA) of the Carpathian Basin (CB) is characterised by significant changes which began in the 10th century BC and lasted until the 1st century AD.
Transdanubia was inhabited by the bearers of the Hallstatt culture in the Early and Middle Iron Ages (EIA and MIA); meanwhile, at the foothills of the Northern Hungarian Mountain Range and at the Great Hungarian Plain (GHP), the Mezőcsát and later the Vekerzug populations lived. The appearance of Celtic groups in the Late Iron Age (LIA) transformed the whole CB. Interestingly, IA burial rites show remarkable heterogeneity. The Hallstatt, as well as some of the Vekerzug and Celtic groups, cremated their dead, whilst the Mezőcsát population, several of the Vekerzug and Celtic people, inhumated the deceased.
The IA of the CB is notable for several population movements, mainly described using historical sources and archaeological observations; but there are limited anthropological studies. Thus, the aim of our ongoing research is to revise previous studies and expand our understanding of the IA populations of the CB by introducing new osteological materials.
Due to their burial practice, the Hallstatt groups are considered almost anthropologically unknown. As for the Mezőcsát and Vekerzug cultures, the question arises whether they descended from the local Late Bronze Age inhabitants adapting lifestyle and some characteristic artefacts from the steppe region or did an eastward influx of populations during the EIA and MIA partially or fully assimilated the autochtons. The Celtic migration is also recognizable in the heterogeneous LIA osteological materials, however, according to previous and recent results, the local component remained more dominant.
This project is supported by the Bolyai Scholarship, the New National Excellence Program (ÚNKP-23-5, ÚNKP-23-3-SZTE-61), project no. 405906 of the HNM NIA, the grant of the Hungarian NRDI Office (FK128013), and project no. C2284509 KDP-2023.

https://submissions.e-a-a.org/eaa2024/re...chtimeslot=

that's great news, I could also imagine that some Dacian individuals are linked to the male line R1b Z2103 which was a legacy of Yamnaya and post-Yamnaya groups but as I figured they are genetically similar to "Greco-Roman" on an autosomal basis However, I would also be interested in the second Eastern European group (Multi-Cordoned Ware culture / Babyno culture / Noua culture, influences from the outer western, outer northeastern Carpathians and Podolian Upland, western steppe.

I don't think R-Z2103 played any significant role in Dacians at all, as their link to Yamnaya is very weak.
The connection to Noua-Sabatinovka-Coslogeni however is real, since those steppe pastoralists first conquered Wietenberg and were afterwards themselves conquered and assimilated by Gava-Holigrady.
That's where Thracian R-Z93 was coming from. We find it in South Thrace and Himera, side by side with E-V13 with a South Thracian and a Caucasian autosomal profile.
The original ones are known anthropologically and genetically to be very steppe.