About Proto-Germanic

[Rodoorn]

Diverse individuals were tested from Únětice burial sites in 2021, so the Y-chromosome results were (not included two by low coverage): 1 G2a2b2a, 1 I2a1, 8 I2a2, 7 R1a-Z645, and 8 R1b-P312. The investigators found that: "The Y-chromosomal data suggest an even larger turnover. A decrease of Y-lineage R1b-P312 from 100% (in late Bell Beaker Culture) to 20% (in preclassical Únětice) implies a minimum 80% influx of new Y-lineages at the onset of the Early Bronze Age". The autosomal results even point to a migration from the northeast, which the authors can link with the arrival of R1a-Z645, previously found in the Baltic region

(27 August 2021). "Dynamic changes in genomic and social structures in third millennium BCE central Europe". Science Advances

Does the above y dna turnover impact this Unetice theory?

Thanks for the link, It endorses it. Because could we say that there was a kind of Balto-Slavic influx (as in language)? Makes it even more the middle ground between Single Grave/BB (west) and Balto-Slavic east?

The whole quote:
"EBA—Únětice culture
The transition to the EBA in Bohemia is associated with a positive shift in the coordinates of PC2, relative to preceding late BBs (Fig. 4B, fig. S7, and table S31). Admixture f3 statistics are most negative when EHG (Eastern HG) or WSHG (West Siberian HG) are used as a second source in addition to the geographically and temporally proximal Bohemia_BB_Late (table S32), suggesting a northeastern contribution to Bohemia_Únětice_preClassical. To find a suitable proxy for a potential additional source population, we modeled Bohemia_Únětice_preClassical as a two-way mixture of local Bohemia_BB_Late and various sources more positive on PC2 (table S33). We reject mixture models involving Bohemia_BB_Late and Yamnaya (Samara, P = 5.3 × 10−10; Kalmykia, P = 5.8 × 10−10; Ukraine, P = 7.3 × 10−12; and Caucasus, P = 3.2 × 10−15) or Bohemia_BB_Late and CW (early, P = 1.1 × 10−4; late, P = 5.4 × 10−6). We fail to reject a two-way mixture model of 63.5% Bohemia_BB_Early and 36.5% Bohemia_BB_Late (P = 0.29), suggesting a large (63.5%) contribution from an early BB lineage, which was largely unsampled during the late BB phase (2400 to 2200 BCE), but represents a potential new lineage at the dawn of the Bronze Age. The Y-chromosomal data suggest an even larger turnover. A decrease of Y-lineage R1b-P312 from 100% (in late BB) to 20% (in preclassical Únětice) implies a minimum 80% influx of new Y-lineages at the onset of the EBA.
However, aware of the limited resolution of Bohemia_BB_Early (small sample size, low resolution, and large SEs), we explored alternative models for preclassical Únětice individuals. All model fits improve when Latvia_BA is included in the sources, resulting in two additional supported models (table S33). A three-way mixture of Bohemia_BB_Late, Bohemia_CW_Early, and Latvia_BA (P value of 0.086) not only supports a more conservative estimate of 47.7% population replacement but also accounts for the Y-chromosomal diversity found in preclassical Únětice, with R1b-P312 from Bohemia_BB_Late, R1b-U106 and I2 from Bohemia_CW_Early, and R1a-Z645 from Latvia_BA (
Although the geographic origin of this new ancestry cannot be precisely located, three observations offer clues. First, the Latvia_BA ancestry that improves all model fits (table S33) suggests an ultimate northeastern origin. Second, Y-haplogroup R1a-Z645 appears in Bohemia (and wider central Europe) for the first time at the beginning of the EBA, a lineage previously fixed in Baltic and common in Scandinavian CW males (23, 24), supporting a north/northeastern genetic contribution. Third, an Únětice genetic outlier (VLI051, male, Y-haplogroup R1a-Z645; table S34) resembles individuals from Bronze Age Latvia (Fig. 2D) (68), providing direct evidence for migrants from the northeast.
We also detect a genetic shift in the transition from preclassical to classical Únětice, reflected in the decrease in PC2 coordinates for Únětice individuals dated after ~2000 BCE (Fig. 4B and fig. S7) and confirmed using qpWave (table S35) and f4 statistics (table S36). Bohemia_Únětice_Classical can be modeled as a mixture of Bohemia_Únětice_preClassical and a local Eneolithic source (table S37). In contrast to the genetic shift between late BB and preclassical Únětice, the Y-lineage diversity remains similar throughout both Únětice phases, suggesting assimilation and subtler social changes."